Novel Uses of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) in ITS

The use of unmanned aerial systems (UAS) by state departments of transportation (State DOTs) is steadily increasing. The ENTERPRISE Pooled Fund Study completed this project to explore ways to optimize UAS integration with ITS and operations within transportation agencies. The literature search identified more than 30 UAS use cases for ITS and transportation operations that are being used in practice, researched, tested, planned, or considered by State DOTs. A survey of State DOTs revealed that the highest number of responding agencies are using UAS for post-emergency documentation, observing conditions where cameras are not present, traffic data collection for congestion monitoring, on-site incident scene monitoring, and collecting data for before/after studies. Though the stage of implementation varies for each purpose, the use of UAS for ITS and operations appears to be trending beyond research and testing toward being implemented. Details about four successful ITS and transportation operations use cases were gathered. Benefits associated with use of UAS included obtaining views that would not otherwise be possible, improving safety for employees and contractors as they operate drones away from hazardous conditions, and communicating conditions (e.g., emergencies or hazardous situations) to decision makers and the public. Limitations exist with operating UAS when flying drones in unfavorable weather conditions (e.g., cold, sleet, rain) as well as battery life for longer flights and distances.