Completed

Wrong-way driving (WWD) is a growing concern because the resulting crashes tend to be severe and often result in fatalities and serious injuries. Advancements in cooperative automated technologies will enable significant possibilities to provide WWD warnings through in-vehicle navigation systems and smartphone-based mobile applications. A national communication standard for incident data including WWD events would enable data from multiple sources (e.g., 911 calls, on-road detection field equipment, self-reporting mobile applications) to become available through a data feed for in-vehicle mechanisms to access and provide alerts to errant drivers and nearby motorists.

This research completed a synthesis documenting several commercially available WWD in-vehicle systems and mobile applications, promoted the concept of a national communication standard and data feed for WWD events, and gathered input from transportation agencies regarding the readiness of agency-generated WWD event data to be contributed to a data feed. The project concluded that there is agency and industry interest in a national WWD communication standard and data feed. However, the WWD event data currently available from sources such as 911 calls, on-road detection equipment, and traffic management center observations is likely not yet ready to be pushed to such a feed. Future efforts to advance this concept can build upon national initiatives that are exploring the development of a data and communication standard for disruptive incidents, which could include WWD events.

Transportation agencies use many traditional data collection methods (e.g., manual counts, pneumatic tubes, in-road sensors, radar sensors) as well as emerging data collection methods (e.g., unmanned aircraft systems, probe data, video image detection and processing) for traffic data collection. While traditional traffic data collection methods have provided trusted data for many years, there may be advantages to using emerging traffic data collection methods to supplement or replace existing methods. For example, emerging traffic data collection methods may reduce resources needed to operate and maintain detection devices in the field, provide more complete coverage and faster access to data, or offer advanced analytics to increase an agency’s ability to glean useful insights from the data. Because tradeoffs likely exist when assessing various traffic data collection methods, it is important to compare emerging data collection options to traditional methods and learn from agency experiences. This ENTERPRISE project gathered traffic data collection methods and details through a literature search and survey of transportation agencies. After information-gathering was complete, a comparison of emerging traffic data collection alternatives to traditional methods was conducted and documented.

Many vendors offer roadway sensors either embedded in pavements, non-intrusively within the road, or attached to infrastructure. These sensors gather data and/or communicate with vehicles to aid roadway operations. This effort seeks to understand existing and innovative types of commercially available intrusive and non-intrusive roadway sensors with an analysis of the potential applications, relevance, and drawbacks of each type. This effort considers sensors to be innovative if they are not widely used, either by being new to the transportation sector or not widely used by transportation agencies. Sensors of interest are examined in greater detail, such as identifying the ability of pavement to hold up structurally, operations and maintenance considerations, and placement of the sensors.

For this Phase 1 effort, this ENTERPRISE Pooled Fund Study project identified over 100 innovative sensors through a literature review, web search for industry products, and a survey of DOT practitioners. Identified sensors included those used within the transportation sector and other sectors including the defense, forestry, environmental, warehousing, and port sectors. Analysis of identified sensors included organization by possible use case areas (e.g., road weather, work zones, worker safety, asset condition, parking availability, and bicycle and pedestrian detection) and prioritization based on possible relevance and interest to DOTs. Use cases of data gathered by select, prioritized sensors document available information regarding deployment, operations, and maintenance considerations.

State of the Art Roadway Sensors – Phase 2

Study Description

This TPF project was a continuation of the TPF-5(231) ITS Pooled Fund Program (ENTERPRISE) that began in 1991. Members contributed funds in support of ITS research projects to address specific problems that advanced the transportation technology programs in the member agencies. Members were from eight state departments of transportation across the U.S. and one Canadian transportation agency.

The final report describes the activities of ENTERPRISE Phase II technical activities performed between 2018 and 2021. Members identified, prioritized, and oversaw the research activities of 20 individual projects that all contributed to the seven objectives of the program.

• Objective #1: Investigate and promote Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) approaches and technologies that are compatible with other national and international ITS initiatives.
• Objective #2: Support the individual ITS program plans of ENTERPRISE participants.
• Objective #3: Provide a mechanism to support multi-state and international project cooperation and technical information interchange.
• Objective #4: Facilitate the formation of public-private partnerships for appropriate program activities.
• Objective #5: Pursue emerging ITS project opportunities in areas of interest to the group.
• Objective #6: Provide test beds in a variety of environments and locations for emerging ITS technologies.
• Objective #7: Identify common needs within the group and proceed with appropriate technical activities.